Writing An Abstract For Your Research Paper

Writing An Abstract For Your Research Paper In an summary, do not enumerate an inventory of topics lined; instead, convey the important information present in your paper. If a reviewer didn't perceive one thing, then the primary fault nearly all the time lies together with your writing. If you blame a lazy or dumb reviewer, you're lacking the chance to enhance. Reviewers aren't good, however they work onerous to offer you useful ideas, so you should give them the benefit of the doubt. Think about tips on how to enhance your analysis and your writing, even beyond the explicit ideas in the review â€" the prime accountability for your analysis and writing belongs with you. While proofreading your paper, make sure to look for and edit any imprecise or imprecise statements that lack context or specificity. Assignments often ask you to express your individual point of view in regards to the research problem. You have to support your opinion with proof from scholarly sources. If this can't be done with out complicated the reader, then you need to clarify what you imply inside the context of how that word or phrase is used inside a self-discipline. Academic writing refers to a mode of expression that researchers use to outline the intellectual boundaries of their disciplines and particular areas of experience. Offers detailed steerage on tips on how to develop, organize, and write a college-level research paper within the social and behavioral sciences. Ignore the widespread fantasy that profitable writing requires giant, uninterrupted blocks of time â€" instead, practice writing briefly, daily sessions. Your review needs to focus on the most important and substantive critiques. The authors of the paper ought to agree on this structure before you start to write the actual response. For every point within the evaluations, write a short response. Do this in e mail-response fashion, to ensure that you didn't miss any factors. You will want to save this for later, so it can be better to do that in the paper's version management repository, rather than in a WYSIWYG editor such as Google Docs. (This assumes you've a model control repository for the paper, which you should!) Much of this textual content will not go in your response, but it is essential for formulating the response. You are bored with the paper and wish a break from it. This is particularly necessary when proposing options to issues or delineating recommended courses of motion. Awareness of the phrases you utilize is important as a result of phrases which have almost the identical denotation can have very totally different connotations . Therefore, use concrete phrases that convey a particular meaning. The incorrect lesson to study from rejection is discouragement or a sense of non-public failure. Many papers â€" even papers that later win awards â€" are rejected at least once. The suggestions you obtain, and the chance to return to your work, will invariably enhance your outcomes. If you submit technical papers, you'll experience rejection. In some cases, rejection indicates that you need to transfer on and begin a different line of research. In most circumstances, the evaluations supply a chance to improve the work, and so you should be very grateful for a rejection! It is much better in your profession if a good paper appears at a later date, rather than than a poor paper earlier or a sequence of weak papers. It must be an goal stance presented as a logical argument. The quality of your evidence will decide the strength of your argument. The challenge is to persuade the reader of the validity of your opinion via a nicely-documented, coherent, and logically structured piece of writing. If you aren't excited in regards to the paper, it is unlikely that other folks shall be. Furthermore, the period after submitting the paper isn't a time to take a break, however a possibility to further improve it. Submitting the paper in its present type means more papers on your c.v. and more alternatives for others to find out about your work. Those are true facts, and some folks do “salami-slice” their research into as many papers as potential â€" such papers are called a “least publishable unit”. Use private experience solely for instance, although, as a result of tutorial writing relies on proof-primarily based research. Being concise in your writing also consists of avoiding obscure references to individuals, places, or issues.

Writing Tips « Writers Workshop

Writing Tips « Writers Workshop This would be the a part of the analysis paper the place you include any charts, tables, or graphs which might be relevant to serving to you tell the story of what you found in your analysis. So, I say all of that to emphasize once more that the form that research takes is restricted to a occupation, as are the methods by which that analysis is articulated to knowledgeable area. This blog publish is designed to provide you an overview of how to put together a common analysis paper. Say that I run a company that sells canine collars. I need to know who my potential consumers are and how they will reply to a brand new sort of collar that I want to introduce to the market. A analysis paper, then, is any technique in which to speak your findings from your research. I initially set my paper to be sent to the British Journal of Educational Technology . When you come back to it, give it a last polish, checking once extra for errors, formatting, consistency, and readability. As long as you embrace a compelling hook, necessary background info, and a provable and specific thesis statement, you’ll have an impressive introduction. Write a sentence that connects your topic to what you'll show, reveal, or prove about it. Your introductory paragraph ought to embrace a thesis assertion. This is a sentence that offers a cause for the paper and units up a road map for the reader. Include transitions as you move from one paragraph to the next, and cite your references as you go alongside. If your define is orderly and complete, you’ll just need to fill in the blanks. This section of our information focuses on correct paper size, how to format headings, spacing, and extra! This data could be found in Chapter 2 of the official handbook (American Psychological Association, 2020, pp. 29-sixty seven). However, at a minimal, you want to inform your readers what your results were of your research and what they imply. You must be doing the heavy thinking at this level, letting the reader know the way to make sense of your results. Don’t fear but about whether or not your writing is swish or grammatically right â€" just let the ink move. As you gather material, resist the traditional ADHD instinct to do the straightforward work now and save the citations for later. Always write down the supply-it’s a nightmare to trace it down at a later date. If your professor requires a particular reference style, cite sources in your notes just as you'll in your footnotes or references. All four sides must be the identical distance from the edge of the paper. It’s recommended to use at least one-inch margins round each side. It’s acceptable to use larger margins, however the margins ought to never be smaller than an inch. Then turn it in, and congratulate yourself on a job well done. Once the draft is written, step away from the paper. Time away is refreshing, and it invitations new ideas and insights. Keep a recorder or notepad handy to capture new ideas. (Do not use the first particular person “I think” or “I really feel” in your thesis statement). This thesis assertion sets up the group of your paper. It will prevent from having to look things up twice. Some folks like to begin with a hook and write a robust introduction earlier than anything. I may arrange a spotlight group the place I ask individuals how they reply to my new product and the merchandise of my competitors. I may have someone observe individuals in a pet retailer the place my canine collars are offered and ask them to fill out a short survey about their experience. I may even look into historic trends about what forms of canine collars have offered within the final 5 years. And these are only a few potentialities; the examples balloon if you get into the academic world or even in a special market.

Research Paper Writing

Research Paper Writing I learn the digital model with an open word processing file, preserving a listing of “main items” and “minor items” and making notes as I go. There are a few features that I make certain to handle, though I cover a lot more floor as nicely. First, I think about how the query being addressed suits into the present standing of our data. In this paper, I will show my understanding of a linguistic idea I learned this semester and how it pertains to my subject of examine. I will demonstrate this information by staying organized, using relevant analysis, and sticking to my thesis statement. It’s clear from the highlighting and underlining that the prof needs an argumentative paper that’s well-organized and considerate. Note that there is nothing about originality on this rubric. To get an A on this paper, you must carry out with excellence in three categories and above average in at least 2 of the other classes. Most blogs, likethis one,this one, andthis onemake utilizing transition words an important a part of this course of. It’s clear here that people’s talents to communicate define their cultural significance. This concept is loosely related to another thought the author is writing towardsâ€"that these unique cultural variations are often the culprit for communication breakdown. ESL instructors should try to improve digital interactions between students outside of class, use digital technology inside of class, and make digital avenues of education a studying precedence. The downside introduced was that instructors take away learning tools from students and exchange them with less interesting forms of learning and stop social interaction with the classroom. Teachers who refuse to make use of technology in the classroom aren't partaking their students and are disregarding their students’ natural ways of studying and their social needs. social media interplay is now just as important to most college students as face-to-face interaction. For this step-by-step tutorial of thesis examples, we’re going to interrupt issues down for super effectivity so you can create the backbone of the paper. But you don’t have a lot time, so you need to focus and slender your ideasâ€"it’s essential to success. When making the schedule, set completion goals so that the time isn’t open-ended. If your time is nebulous, you may be more likely to drop the ball. You’ve got a date with a chair and life-long studying. Completing this second step immediatelyâ€"earlier than you go to mattress on the day you get the projectâ€"is crucial to acing this paper. It will, nevertheless, be a bit simpler now that you realize precisely what your prof needs and you’ve received a schedule in place. You’re going to fill out an hour or two of labor every day, accounting for different courses, social engagements, and precedence necessities. At this point, it'd appear to be it’s over the top with all the superb work you just completed. But take one moment to have a look at the rubric one last time. Print out your paper, fireplace up Natural Reader, and observe along. Mark any spots that don’t really feel right and correct any ultimate mistakes. In a paper, it’s straightforward to use simple transition phrasesâ€"therefore, consequently,and so forth. There is nothing mistaken with a transition word right here and there, however they're very easy to overuse. Mapping is a technique that lets you freely record your ideas in a logical manner. So you’ve accomplished the first two steps earlier than mattress on the day your assigned the paper, now comes the tough stuff. As properly, instructors give little consideration to expertise-based learning tools as an avenue for schooling. While these items will be more particular than the previous part, they aren’t going to be hyper-specific, but broad sufficient to behave as a reference factors for the remainder of the paper. Summarize the details of this paper in your own words. After you've finished that paper, it’s essential to return and make giant-scale adjustments. Second, I ponder how nicely the work that was carried out actually addresses the central question posed within the paper. Unless it’s for a journal I know well, the first thing I do is verify what format the journal prefers the evaluation to be in. Some journals have structured review criteria; others just ask for common and particular comments.

How Can I Pay Someone To Write My Essay?

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How To Write A Whole Paper In A Week

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How To Write A Whole Paper In A Week

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How To Write An Excellent History Paper

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Research Paper Writing Service By Pro Writers

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1000 Word Essay Writing

1000 Word Essay Writing One will get to know super contemporary research firsthand and gain perception into other authors’ argument construction. I additionally suppose it is our responsibility as researchers to write down good critiques. The soundness of the entire peer-review course of depends on the standard of the evaluations that we write. Then I make specific comments on each part, itemizing the main questions or issues. Depending on how a lot time I even have, I generally also end with a section of minor comments. To avoid getting frustrated, I simply give attention to writing on one of many sections at a time. If you’ve already started writing the paper, then Professor Rachael Cayley’s strategy is the most effective â€" e.g. create a reverse define. At any fee, you should have a skeleton of what your paper is going to appear to be. One method by which I do that is I break down my summary into the sections that I need to fill out and/or the questions I need to reply to have my paper actually show my full argument. So, the define comes immediately from the paper summary. When your custom paper accomplished by our specialist, it's delivered to your private account on our web site and you may obtain it and use as you like. You need to review your customized project and approve it. If you discover out that the mannequin paper delivered to you doesn’t meet your initial requirements, you possibly can ask for a free revision. The author will make the necessary modifications to make sure that it's written in accordance with your initial instructions. It’s necessary that our firm ensures 100% satisfaction or offers you a cash-again guarantee. Remember that a review isn't about whether one likes a certain piece of labor, but whether the analysis is legitimate and tells us something new. Another frequent mistake is writing an unfocused review that is misplaced within the particulars. You can higher highlight the most important points that have to be handled by restructuring the review, summarizing the important issues upfront, or adding asterisks. I would really encourage different scientists to take up peer-evaluate alternatives each time attainable. Reviewing is a great studying experience and an exciting thing to do. What I even have found is that always instances, my outline doesn’t show the identical factor that the paper does at the end of it. At least you answered the questions and/or crammed the sections you wanted to and refined your summary and paper on the idea of these responses. Although, there are some general sequential headings of articles for submission to journal the place from a researcher should begin preparing draft for the paper? I often don’t decide on a suggestion until I’ve learn the entire paper, though for poor quality papers, it isn’t all the time essential to read everything. I start by making a bullet point list of the primary strengths and weaknesses of the paper and then flesh out the evaluation with particulars. I typically refer again to my annotated model of the net paper. I usually differentiate between major and minor criticisms and word them as directly and concisely as potential. When I advocate revisions, I attempt to give clear, detailed feedback to information the authors. Which part ought to be written first and which must be the following ones? Phillips/Pugh define 2 types of author 'serialists' and 'holists'. Serialists - who see writing as a sequential process during which the words are corrected as they are written and who plan their writing intimately earlier than beginning to put in writing. 'Holists' who can solely assume as they write and compose a succession of full drafts. In my expertise, the submission deadline for evaluations often ranges between 3 working days to up to three weeks. Most of the time is spent closely studying the paper and taking notes. Once I actually have the notes, writing the review itself usually takes lower than an hour. I spend a good period of time looking at the figures. I also want to know whether the authors’ conclusions are adequately supported by the outcomes. Conclusions which are overstated or out of sync with the findings will adversely influence my review and suggestions. Even if a manuscript is rejected for publication, most authors can profit from recommendations. I try to stick to the details, so my writing tone tends toward neutral. Before submitting a evaluate, I ask myself whether or not I can be snug if my id as a reviewer was identified to the authors. Passing this “identification take a look at” helps be sure that my review is sufficiently balanced and honest. I use annotations that I made in the PDF to start out writing my evaluate; that way I never forget to mention something that occurred to me while reading the paper.

Research Paper Writing Service By Pro Writers

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4 Tips for International Students Looking To Maximize SAT/ACT Scores

Starting Early and Working Smart Can Help International Students Get Ahead on Standardized Tests By Richard, Master Tutor When it comes to getting a great score on the ACT or SAT, the process of preparing and studying for the exam can seem quite complicated, especially if students are applying from abroad and aren’t familiar with the test. Instead of stressing out, know it can be done—as long as students learn about the exam and create a testing strategy. Although it might seem a little overwhelming at first, ACT or SAT prep can be a good opportunity to develop time management and problem solving skills, which will serve students well in college. In order to achieve your best score and get a head start on university-level study habits, keep reading for a few top test taking tips for international students. Remember that SAT and ACT scores can rise with proper preparationSome students may believe that their scores will remain fixed, regardless of how much time and effort they put into studying. Fortunately, the opposite is true. The more students work to prepare for these exams, the more their scores will go up and the better their results will be. Keep in mind that the SAT and ACT are exams that students can improve their scores on, if they devote the hours and effort needed to study appropriately. Some international students can see particularly significant score improvementsWith the right amount of effort and support, international students' can see exceptional score increases! The ACT and SAT exams are often initially very unfamiliar to students from abroad, so as these test takers become more accustomed to the exam, they are often capable of significant progress. Once students become aware that these exams require considerable preparation and that their scores can improve with effort, they are often inspired to put time into the process and seek out the guidance needed in order to succeed. If test-takers put in this kind of time and effort, the results will follow! Start early! International students are often capable of making more progress on average than other students, butthis progress may take more time. With the right organization and time commitment, the challenges of the process of preparing for the ACT and SAT can turn into advantages as students' scores go up. There is no quick fix for studying; students need to put in the work in order to see results. Beginning test preparation 1-2 years in advance can give students the time needed to create a test taking strategy and study routinely without cramming in the last minute. Starting early can be particularly important for international students because it can often take these test takers more time to adjust to the US style of testing and sometimes the level of English that the exams are measuring. Success is where preparation meets opportunityIn general, students should expect that their results will be proportional to their efforts. This doesn't just mean putting in the time, although the amount of hours spent studying will be a key factor to score improvement. Additionally, having a great tutor for this process can make it more efficient and help students feel supported throughout their journey. By starting early, putting in the time needed, and working smart, students can see significant progress and attain the kinds of scores they are looking for by their final year of high school. The saying â€Å"Rome wasn’t built in a day†, rings true for SAT and ACT preparation; time and effort are needed to get the best results possible. Instead of feeling overwhelmed or defeated by the SAT or ACT exam, international students should feel empowered. By starting early and studying frequently and efficiently, test takers can see huge progress. If you are looking to improve your SAT or ACT scores, the team of expert tutors, myself included, can help you create a test taking plan and develop strong study habits.

Indi Poverty And Inequality - 1308 Words

Inequality is defined as the wide gap between a low and a high income within an economy. Poverty is defined as being in the state of extremely poor. India is well renowned for having two classes, those living well above the poverty line, and those living well below. Currently, India is promoting strategies to decrease their percentage of people living under the poverty line. In 2012 the World Bank conducted some research to find out that 21.9% of the countries 1.295 billion, are living under the poverty line. As of 2014, the GNI per capita in India is $1570, US dollars, which is awfully low compared to the rest of the world. The big problem with this is that it isn’t developing at a state that it should be, although it is improving. India has traces linking to the government being corrupt, which doesn’t help the cause and this could be why it is showing poor economic development. One of the major problems that exists to reducing poverty and inequality in India is the poverty cycle. Developing countries generate a low income which then leads to low savings, poor health, education and low demand which then leads to low capital investment which then leads to low productivity which then leads to low income and this continues in a cycle as can be seen in figure 1. Much of India is stuck in this cycle. Social difference and inequality is a major problem and can reinforce, if not worsen, the continuous poverty problems in the poverty circle. As said before, the average salary ofShow MoreRelatedThe Negative Impacts of Illiteracy1171 Words   |  5 PagesSizin son xÉ™rà §Ã‰â„¢ng var. Ä °ndi onu xÉ™stÉ™xanaya almaq deyilsÉ™, o, nà ¶vbÉ™ti gà ¼n à ¶lÉ™cÉ™k. In English, this means, â€Å"Your son has cancer. If you don’t get him to the hospital now, he will die in the next day.† Imagine, though, if you had not been able to read the first message and even not been able to read the English translation. Your son would have died. Today, more than 785 million people are illiterate and wouldn’t have been able to save their child’s life. Many people take literacy for granted, butRead MoreSocial Policy, Social Welfare, and the Welfare State11346 Words   |  46 Pagesgovernance, local welfare institutions, and their policies ââ€"  leisur e and social policy ââ€"  Mixed economies of welfare (voluntary, private, and informal sectors) ââ€"  organization, administration, and management in welfare institutions ââ€"  philosophy of welfare ââ€"  poverty, social exclusion, and social policy ââ€"  race, ethnicity, and social policy ââ€"  science, technology, and social policy ââ€"  service user perspectives and user involvement in the social policy process ââ€"  sexuality and social policy ââ€"  social care ââ€"  social policyRead More Is the Black Family Only A Myth? Essay4088 Words   |  17 Pagesunderstanding of the modern day black family. It is my hope that once we achieve this level of understanding, if not acceptance, that we may be able to start the healing process that is so necessary. THE MOYNIHAN REPORT. SINGLE PARENT FAMILIES. POVERTY. CHILDREN IN TROUBLE. The aforementioned are descriptions and reflections associated with the black family. Although these identifications are different, they all reflect one negative connotation. The connotation is that of families of African descentRead MoreFaithful Citizenship10006 Words   |  41 Pagesof race, ethnicity, and economic inequality. We are a nation of immigrants, struggling to address the challenges of many new immigrants in our midst. We are a society built on the strength of our families, called to defend marriage and offer moral and economic supports for family life. We are a powerful nation in a violent world, confronting terror and trying to build a safer, more just, more peaceful world. We are an affluent society where too many live in poverty and lack health care and other necessitiesRead MoreThe Evil of Politics and the Ethics of Evil10364 Words   |  42 PagesPlato, is to be ward the realizationof just ice. However justified as a particularcase of the dividevoid of positive ethical significancethe sion of labor or to be explained, as in individual political act may be, it is Aristotle, by the natural inequality of 6 ETHICS men. Or it does not appear as political dominationat all by being presented as the application of an equalitarianprinciple, such as the social contract or the consent of the governed.The distinction between legitimate and illegitimateRead MoreA Passage Of India And The Relations Of Power10531 Words   |  43 Pages this section offers a critical thinking about the nature of the relationship between the British and the Indians. Forster’s A Passage to India is written during the tension between the Indians and the British during the British Occupation of Indi. It underlines the problematic relationship of the British colonial context and the colonised Indians. The relationship between the two nations is that of hegemony and power. India, as Ahmad Abu Baker believes in his â€Å"Rethinking Identity: The Coloniser

Lyndon Johnsons Administration Essay - 569 Words

During the LBJ administration, Johnson was focused on ending the War on Poverty, the centerpiece of his presidency, and bringing justice to his fellow men and women. However, his pressing desire was to give the â€Å"Great Society a chance to grow and prosper! Johnson inherited the presidential seat after the death of John F. Kennedy. Immediately, Johnson was concentrated on establishing himself in the office of the Presidency, and to continue the legacy of JFK. Johnson quickly administered a group of domestic programs which he called the â€Å"Great Society†. Johnson’s vision for the Great Society drew on both his own primary identification with the New Deal (which he supported heavily) and his commitment to go beyond the†¦show more content†¦Lyndon B. Johnson achieved important things during his administration. He administered financial aid and medical care. He liberalized the immigration policy, he surpassed the Soviet Union in the space race, he ratified t he 25th Amendment, and he enacted the Voting Rights Act of 1965. Johnson did more than any other president concerning the War on Poverty! He was successful in many areas but not all of them. LBJs society might have been successful, but he deprived his Great Society of its energies needed by committing them to the war resulting in the Great Society doing very little. He also allocated the money needed to abolish poverty to search-and-destroy missions. During LBJs presidency, we were in the middle of the Vietnam War which he called the â€Å"no need† country. Instead of withdrawing America from the war, he escalated our position and involvement in it which resulted in many lives being lost. These failures were major during the LBJ administration! As time progressed, Johnson faced the challenge of keeping his Great Society alive and prosperous. His society began to unravel as a result of the opposition he was facing. Johnson received the Democratic caucus’s disapproval a nd lack of support. He was receiving opposition as a result of the U.S deeper involvement in the war, there were many anti-war marches. Riots were spreading across AmericaShow MoreRelatedRhetorical Features of Lyndon B. Johnson’s Presidencial Acceptance Speech742 Words   |  3 Pages In the fall of 1963 Kennedy’s Administration was preparing campaigns for the election of 1964 in hopes of bringing the fragile Texas Democratic Party closer. The Kennedys headed to Dallas on the morning of November 22, 1963 to attend a scheduled luncheon. On that tragic day President Kennedy was assassinated in a senseless act of violence. Within the next few hours, Vice President Lyndon Johnson was sworn in as president. In the midst of a grieving country, he was given the duty of handling a transitionRead MoreLyndon Johnson1150 Words   |  5 PagesIn Larry L. King’s, Trapped: Lyndon Johnson and the Nightmare of Vietnam, Larry King makes his assessment of Lyndon Johnson. King states, â€Å"His personal history simply permitted him no retreats or failure in testing.† (Portrait of America page 313) What King is trying to say about Lyndon Johnson in this statement is that his past does not allow him to retreat or to fail. King describes Lyndon Johnson’s hi story by saying, â€Å"LBJ’s mother, who smothered him with affection and praise should he performRead MoreLyndon B. W. Brand And Lbj s Written By Robert Dallek988 Words   |  4 PagesWhen we were first assigned to read select pages from Flawed Giant: Lyndon Johnson and his Times, as well as Reagan, the Life, I believed that I had a solid foundation in the history of these two men and their presidencies. I did not expect to learn a whole lot more about these presidents. However, throughout the reading of the two biographies, I found myself discovering more and more about these men, their personal lives, their accomplishments, and much more I never knew about them. These biographiesRead MoreLyndon Baines Johnson Epitomized Texas In His Stature,1746 Words   |  7 PagesLyndon Baines Johnson epitomized Texas in his stature, his attitude, his tone, and his attitude. He was a force to be reckoned with and he used each of these attributes to push for legislation that he felt d eeply about. His major influences were his parents and the rustic Hill Country of Texas. Johnson was born August 27, 1908, in Stonewall, Texas on an isolated farm in the Texas Hill Country to Sam Ealy Johnson, Jr. and Rebekah Baines Johnson. His mother was a woman â€Å"†¦ who treasured poetry, reveredRead MoreLyndon Baines Johnson1420 Words   |  6 PagesMost importantly, however, racism and the limited power of black people was alive and well. Lyndon Baines Johnson changed that. He and his seven year long program, the Great Society, would change the aspect and the life of the minority forever. Lyndon Johnson became an integral part of the civil rights movement. In December 1963, following the assassination of John F. Kennedy, the 35th U.S. president, Lyndon Johnson displayed the leadership that this country needed during such a tumultuous time. TheRead MoreLyndon B. Johnson Biography784 Words   |  4 PagesCarla Joiner 14 April 2016 Block 7 Am. History Lyndon B. Johnson Biography Lyndon B. Johnson was born August 27, 1908, in Stonewall, Texas Sam Ealy Johnson, Jr., a politician, farmer, cotton speculator, and newspaper owner, and Rebekah Baines Johnson, a homemaker and sometime newspaper editor (Smallwood). He was he first born of five children. Johnson started school school near his home along the Pedernales River in the Texas hill country at age four. Although at age four, Johnson attended the nearbyRead MoreEssay The Life of Lyndon B Johnson1367 Words   |  6 Pagesovercome with shock and grief. Vice President Lyndon Baines Johnson was sworn in as the next president within hours after this tragic event. Because of his leadership, he was the building block to bring the nation back together and get through the death of our beloved deceased President. Lyndon Johnson, the 36th president, also known as â€Å"LBJ†, became one of the most outspoken and controversial leaders of America. Born on August 27, 1908 in Stowell, Texas, Lyndon Johnson grew up in a financially poorRead MoreLyndon B. Johnsons Immediate Advocacy of the Tonkin Gulf Resolution1493 Words   |  6 PagesLyndon B. Johnsons Immediate Advocacy of the Tonkin Gulf Resolution President Lyndon B. Johnsons immediate advocacy of the Tonkin Gulf Resolution, acting as head of state, influenced Congress to unintentionally give him a blank check in conducting the Vietnam War. Johnsons accusation of unjustified attacks on American ships by the North Vietnamese in the Gulf of Tonkin led to the resolutions nearly unanimous passage in Congress three days later. Although with the passage of time the certaintyRead MoreThe Impact On American Society926 Words   |  4 Pages Throughout history the United States has been fortunate to have many presidents that made a significant positive impact on American society. One such president was Theodore Roosevelt and his work with consumer protection laws. Another was Lyndon B. Johnson and his support for civil rights. The actions of both presidents have had lasting impacts in America and changed the nation for the better. Theodore Roosevelt, a very active president, devoted much of his attention to the growing issue ofRead MoreFear, Ambition, And Politics By Robert Dallek1031 Words   |  5 PagesIn the first essay Fear, Ambition, and Politics by Robert Dallek, he talks about the way that the United States started to really conflict with Vietnam and how some of Lyndon Johnson’s issues led the U.S. into it. One thing was clear and it was that Lyndon Johnson did not want communism to spread. Johnson’s advisors would continuously report to him that things were starting to become more serious in Saigon. Johnson did not want to send troops though, saying the he would â€Å"not permit the independent

Happiness and Fulfillment Sample Essay Example For Students

Happiness and Fulfillment Sample Essay The thought of felicity and fulfilment lifting from generousness is a message nowadays in Charles Dickens’ A Christmas Carol. Dickens encourages and inspires his Victorian readers to alter their positions and support those around them. through generousness. Dickens emphasizes how generousness can take to fulfilment and felicity through the building of his novel. The prevailing concerns of life and decease. isolation and togetherness and alteration allows Dickens to show to his readers the importance of generousness and seeing its effects on those around you. Dickens creates contrasts in his characters to underscore the importance of generousness and its effects. The Scrooge readers meet in stave one. a adult male â€Å"solitary as an oyster† and so cold â€Å"a iciness does non impact him† leads readers to experience pessimistic towards Scrooge. His maltreatment of Bob Cratchit and his cold. dark nature is so juxtaposed to that of the warm â€Å"lively† Fezziwig. Scrooge’s old employer. Fezziwig with his â€Å"Christmas party† and the generousness toward Scrooge and his other learner nowadayss readers with the felicity brought approximately by greathearted giving. Scrooge is hankering to be a portion of his memory one time more with â€Å"his bosom and psyche in the scene. † The contrast of employee intervention allows Scrooge to see his skewed ways and allows readers to see how their generousness could take to the felicity of others and a fulfillment of responsibility as an employer. The largest and most obvious character contrast is between the initial Scrooge and the concluding Scrooge. â€Å"Wheezing†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and about machine-like Ebenezer Scrooge is loathed and on the outskirts of society. even the blind are seen as lucky for non holding to â€Å"set eyes on evil himself† . However. Scrooge’s transmutation and journey allows him to recognize his responsibility to others and how assisting those around him such as the Cratchits and going â€Å"a 2nd male parent to Tiny Tim† gives him joy and pleasance. This alteration demonstrates to readers the importance of their alteration and the importance of the effects their generousness could convey approximately. Metaphorical contrasts endorse Dickens’ position on the importance of generousness. Throughout the novel Dickens’ usage of heat and coldness to picture characters. scenes or scenes add to his accent of generousness. The cold ‘bare. melancholy’ life of Scrooge with his cold house and ‘small fires’ adds to the thought of isolation and how much alteration is needed. This is contrasted with the heat of Fezziwig’s ball with ‘fires heaped with fuel’ stand foring the felicity in the lives linked to Fezziwig. Dickens. with the metaphors of visible radiation and dark addresses a slightly Christian value of generousness and fulfillment. The darkness and the ‘grim’ mentality of Scrooge’s decease in Stave four high spots how non altering skewed precedences can take to ‘pain’ and ‘incessant torture’ . The visible radiation. given off by the fires or general conditions endorses the thought that light represents a alteration. a ‘good man’ who understands the importance of generousness. Fred. the nephew of Scrooge. has ‘red cheeks’ and a ‘glowing’ visual aspect. representative of his charity. his attention for the public assistance and good being of others. such as the Cratchits. and his positions on how people. like Scrooge. should understand giving is a manner of assisting. non merely others. but oneself. The conclusiveness decease brings allows Dickens to underscore the demand for alteration and generousness in life. The impression is clearly represented in the life Scrooge and the ‘dead as a door-nail’ Marley. Dickens’ description of Marley with ‘cashboxes†¦ledgers’ weighing him down and a heavy ‘chain forged in life’ creates an image readers should fear. .u471284d80bd3efdf72d0caac83284e43 , .u471284d80bd3efdf72d0caac83284e43 .postImageUrl , .u471284d80bd3efdf72d0caac83284e43 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u471284d80bd3efdf72d0caac83284e43 , .u471284d80bd3efdf72d0caac83284e43:hover , .u471284d80bd3efdf72d0caac83284e43:visited , .u471284d80bd3efdf72d0caac83284e43:active { border:0!important; } .u471284d80bd3efdf72d0caac83284e43 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u471284d80bd3efdf72d0caac83284e43 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u471284d80bd3efdf72d0caac83284e43:active , .u471284d80bd3efdf72d0caac83284e43:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u471284d80bd3efdf72d0caac83284e43 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u471284d80bd3efdf72d0caac83284e43 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u471284d80bd3efdf72d0caac83284e43 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u471284d80bd3efdf72d0caac83284e43 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u471284d80bd3efdf72d0caac83284e43:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u471284d80bd3efdf72d0caac83284e43 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u471284d80bd3efdf72d0caac83284e43 .u471284d80bd3efdf72d0caac83284e43-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u471284d80bd3efdf72d0caac83284e43:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Pearl Harbor Attacked EssayPopulating with ‘no peace†¦no rest’ and enduring with ‘incessant torture’ Marley realises his concern was ‘mankind’ and ‘charity. public assistance. wellbeing’ were his concern excessively. He warns Scrooge of the concatenation he has forged so far and the importance of others while one is still alive Marley is incapable of assisting others and frightens Scrooge into alteration at first. However. witnessing how he could suppress the decease of Tiny Tim. an â€Å"innocent child† . Scrooge understands that generousness is non merely philanthropy to be done and bury. it is a duty that c oncerns those in his life that he can salvage. This high spots to readers why Scrooge is so overjoyed at the terminal – he has found felicity and fulfillment in happening a intent that saves and attentions for the public assistance and well-being of another. Dickens emphasises that this is a way more of his readers should take. Ultimately Dickens does propose and topographic points importance of his concern of generousness to others gives manner to the felicity and fulfillment of oneself. His building of the novel and word picture leads readers to recognize the power and influence and importance they have in another life.

the Hand That Signed the Paper Analysis free essay sample

†Autobiographical Essar Humans are not born knowing what is right and what is wrong, we learn these things through our experiences and our mistakes. Though these mistakes could be as simple as spilling a glass of milk, we still learn an important lesson; dont set the glass on the corner of the table. I myself have had many of these mishaps, but one seems to stand out from all the rest. I have these neighbors, they own a large piece of property that my friends and I enjoy spending time on, however, these neighbors are what you would call, Jerks. We had a few interactions and in the end we sort of trashed their property.. My friends are idiots, sometimes we get together and do stupid things, in this case though, we went a bit overboard. I was about 12 or 13 at the time and had taken a liking to forms of destructive behavior. We will write a custom essay sample on the Hand That Signed the Paper Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It Just happened to be trash day, and my dad had an abundance of tools such as sledgehammers and axes in the shed. My friends and I gathered up a large pile of garbage and constructed a huge mass of couches, chairs, desks, wood, and many other things in the woods on my neighbors property. We then proceded to smash everything in to bits and make a widespread mess of the area. As most kids would do, we ran, and didnt hear anything of it for days. It wasnt until after about a week that my doorbell rang. Who else could it be but the owners of that property come to speak with my parents. My mom and dad were furious, and i recieved no mercy in my punishment. I spent days, along with two of my friends, cleaning up the mess. I suspect we must have gathered three or four trashcans worth of garbage in the end. Weeks went by and i realized how disrespectful my actions were, I eventually ummoned up the courage to visit the home of my neighbors and apologize to them face to face. They graciously accepted my apology and we patred ways on friendly terms. Hearing them thank me for the cleanup Job and for having enough respect to say i was sorry was a great feeling that i wont forget. That experience led me to realize the importance of showing respect for others and their property, Its an example i am proud to share, of a lesson I learned through my personal mistakes, and I hope others too, have learned to show respect for others. he Hand That Signed the Paper Analysis By aJoycem The Hand That Signed the Paper consists of four stanzas that harshly mock the cold and unfriendliness present of politics and conflict. In my opinion this poem is about war, revealing the speakers disgust for political leaders overall. The poet makes audience feel as though the hand that signed the paper is worthless or despicable. These overpowering fgures with in the poem seem to be important and arrogant for putting themselves in a powerful, life or death situation. The first stanza is notifying he audience that a simple signing of this document sets off a tragic and irreversible outcome. Double the globe of dead and halved a country; These five kings did a king to death (Stanza 1, Line3-4) is referring to the decision to execute the king and to a country splitting up in the processes. The second stanza mocks the mighty hand (Stanza 2, Line 5) that is responsible for these terrible outcomes by using descriptive words, such as, sloping shoulder (Stanza 2, Line 5). Also, the poet is telling the audience that the man in the poem has arthritis when he says, The finger oints are crammed with chalk; (Stanza 2, Line 6). This information I find to be useless to the meaning of the poem, but when the speaker says, A gooses quill has put an end to murder I believe he is giving away what the documentation really is, a peace treaty. In the third stanza, the poet informs the audience that the peace treaty has not solved anything; times are extremely awful. With good intentions, the man signed the peace treaty to solve the suffering brought on by war, but instead it has caused more damage. And famine grew, and locusts came (Stanza 3, Line 10) is telling the readers that the country has an extreme amount of people suffering of hunger and disease. The last stanza compassionately informs the reader that politicians act very inhumane. Politicians like to think of themselves as God, maintaining absolute control over who are to live and who are to be destroyed. Dylan Thomas incorporated human body relations in his work. He accomplished this by using parts of the human body and certain characteristic features to make the reader elieve that the body parts are made to act as if they are making a conscious choices and decisions. An example of this is in the title of Thomass work, The Hand that Signed the Paper. This title is referring to the hand as if it would be acting freely of its owner. Other examples of this are, fingers taxed the breath (Stanza 1, Line 2), Great is the hand that holds dominion over Man by a scribbled name (Stanza 2, Line 11-12), and A hand that rules pity as a hand rules heaven (Stanza 4, Line 15). With in this poem there are relating words and repetition used as a poetic devices. Murder (Stanza 2, Line 3) and did a king to death (Stanza 2, Line 4) have identical meanings. Also within the poem, there are synonyms: paper (Stanza 1, Line 1) and treaty (Stanza 3, Line 9). I believe that Thomas used these relating words to put direct attention on them, indicating particular importance to the actual message of the poem. There is one example of foreshadowing consisting within the poem, The Hand That Signed the Paper, which is ultimately referring to the speakers actions that are going to take place with in the poem. The Hand that Signed the Paper has a rhyme scheme of: ABAB, and the first and third lines of each stanza are iambic pentameter, but with an eleventh, unstressed syllable. Near the end of the poem, in changes the rhyme scheme in the poem trying to accomplish a different pace, therefore making it more intriguing. In the end Dylan Thomas accomplished writing a very intriguing-meaningful poem. It is exciting reading between the lines of this poets work, and truly finding the real meaning of the poem: a powerful politician whom brought disaster to a country and its population.

Mr Smith Goes to Washington essays

Mr Smith Goes to Washington essays Frank Capras controversial 1939 film Mr. Smith Goes to Washington tells the story of a young, naive and inexperienced politician who is brought to Washington to replace the recently-deceased fictional Senator Samuel Foley. The film has a number of themes, but one that stands out beyond most is the idea that the press controls the publics opinion of a politician. They can make one out to be either a dedicated, hard-working public servant or a self-centered, power-hungry individual. Through the use of characters such as Governer Hopper, Jim Taylor, Senator Paine, and Chick McGann, we see how Capra views politics in Washington. When Mr. Smith (James Stewart) is appointed, he is unable to recognize why he was chosen. However, we soon find out that it is not because of Smiths desire to work in Washington that he was hired- or his values- but rather the fact that, as a young and naive kid, Hopper and Taylor feel that hell be an easy person to influence and vote for their corrupt Willet Creek Dam project. Smiths first encounter with the press turns out to be a disaster. He is asked what projects he would like to push and then takes the opportunity to reveal his plans for a summer boys camp. He also jokes around with the press by making birdcalls. The headlines in the next-mornings paper are taken out of context and are intended to make Smith look like a fool. When Smith is about to be sworn in, an opposing member of Congress appeals his confirmation because of the way he is portrayed in the papers. He feels that Smith brings shame to the office, but Paine quickly defends him. Smith later sees the paper and is outraged at how the press portrayed him. He rushes over to the Press Club and physically and verbally attacks the writers. One of them, after bringing Smith under control, says something particularly telling about the media. In response to Smith&...

Personality Traits and PTSD Resilience Research Paper

Personality Traits and PTSD Resilience - Research Paper Example The TR in DSM-IV-TR refers to† text revision†s. Numeroff et al. (2009), a reprint of the work of Numeroff et al. (2006), reviewed the state of science in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The authors pointed out five key points. First, PTSD is frequent among women than among men. Second, the presence of group C symptoms after exposure to trauma can predict the development of PTSD. Third, increases in corticotrophin-releasing factor or CRF concentration associated with PTSD â€Å"may be reversed† with paroxetine treatment. Fourth, â€Å"hippocampal volume appears to be selectively decreased and hippocampal function impaired among PTSD patients.† Fifth, prolonged exposure therapy is effective in modifying negative cognitions that are frequent among PTSD patients. Note that in Numeroff et al. (2009) or state of science on the PTSD, there was no mention on the role of personality traits and resilience. In the 2000 guidelines of 50 pages for treating PTSD wri tten by Foa et al., there was no mention on the role of personality traits in hastening or slowing down the treatment or management of PTSDs. The treatment guidelines were developed under the auspices of the PTSD Treatment Guidelines Task Force organized by the Board of Directors of the International Society for Trauma Stress Studies (ISTSS) in November 1997 (Foa et al., 2000, p. 539). The treatment guidelines described PTSD as a serious psychological condition resulting from an exposure to a traumatic event (Foa et al., 2000, p. 539). The 2000 guidelines mentioned that the symptoms associated with PTSDs are â€Å"reliving the traumatic events or frightening elements of it; avoidance of thoughts, memories, people, and places associated with the event; emotional numbing; and symptoms of elevated arousal† (Foa et al., 2000, p. 539). The treatment guidelines pointed out that PTSDs are â€Å"often accompanied by other psychological disorders† (Foa et al., 2000, p. 539). Fu rther, the treatment guidelines elaborated that the â€Å"PTSD is a complex condition that can be associated with significant morbidity, disability, and impairment of life functions† (Foa et al., 2000, p. 539). The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) of the American Psychiatric Association (1994) guided the guidelines. The guidelines recognized that research that shaped the guidelines came largely from western industrialized nations and little is known about the treatment of the PTSD in non-industrialized countries (Foa et al, 2000, p. 540). The guidelines also noted that there are limitations in the scientific literature on the PTSDs because most studies have used inclusion and exclusion criteria and, thus, each study may not fully represent the complete â€Å"spectrum† of patients (Foa et al., 2000, p. 541). In particular, it is customary in the studies of PTSD treatment to â€Å"exclude patients with active substance dependence, acute suicidal ideation, neuropsychological deficits, retardation, or cardiovascular disease† such that generalization of the findings to all populations may not be appropriate (Foa et al., 2000 p. 541). However, like Numeroff et al. (2009), Foa et al. (2000) did not mention anything on the association

English law allows parties the utmost freedom to agree their own legal Essay

English law allows parties the utmost freedom to agree their own legal relations and liabilities without limitation and interrup - Essay Example This means that a salient factor that distinguishes contractual obligations from other forms of legal obligations is that contracts are premised upon agreements. Likewise, this is important since people can agree to exchange any goods and / or services, provided they are legit. Similarly, if the basic requirements of a contract have been met, then English law may not step in to curtail parties the utmost freedom to agree on their own legal relations and liabilities. Some of these essential requirements include the presence of offer and acceptance, consideration which supports the agreement, and an intention to create legal relations. The exception to this is when the modalities such as the Sales of Goods Act 1979, the Exclusion Clause and UCTA and implied terms therein as laid down to govern contracts have been violated. An exception that curtails the utmost freedom for parties to agree on their legal liabilities and relations without restrictions is the Exclusion Clause. This is bec ause the Exclusion Clause restricts or excludes the liability of one of the parties. Normally, it is the seller whose liability is restricted. However, it is important to note that the Exclusion Clause is not accorded blanket application so that wicked sellers can breach their initially agreed upon contractual obligations. On the contrary, the Exclusion Clause is applied in light of the contra proferentum rule. This can be seen in the case Wallis, Son & Wells v Pratt and Haynes. In this case, a seed sale contract clause argued that sellers did not give any implied or expressed warranties concerning the description of the seeds. The seeds were not found to match the description they had been previously given. In this effect, it was held that the clause was only applicable to the warranty and that the description being referred to was part of the conditions that made the contract. Particularly, the House of Lords ruled that there was no instance in which sellers are not to fulfill the ir warranty, whether this warranty is implied or direct. This is to the effect that any clause which does not explicitly detail conditions will normally not exclude liability for breach of conditions (House of Lords, 2012, p. 1). The crux of the matter above is that the circumstances which may compel the seller in the contract to apply to be absolved from the responsibilities or liabilities spelt out in the contract must have been caused by unforeseen circumstances (D. Ashcroft and J. Ashcroft, 2010, p. 66). Conversely, in this instance where unforeseen circumstances bedevil the business or the seller, the liability limitation may come into succour businesses which cannot afford to shoulder the burden on consequential and unforeseen losses that may threaten to subject a business to insolvency. Siems (2003, p. 35) explains further that the situation above was exemplified by the case British Fermentation Products Ltd v Compair Reavell Ltd [1999]. In this case, the British Fermentation Products Limited was the purchaser of a compressor of air supply under proper pressure to aerate and mix well, which was to help produce yeast. The supplier would be Compair Reavell Limited. The compressors failed to work well several times even after several replacements were delivered. Even though the amount of damages surpassed ? 1 million, Judge Bowsher Q.C.

Digital Video Broadcasting Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Digital Video Broadcasting - Term Paper Example Evolution of Television:- European and North American inventors pioneered the TV. Television is a hybrid word coming from the Greek letter ‘ Tele’ meaning far, and Latin word ‘visio’ meaning sight. 1) Monochrome TVs: - These early generation televisions were mostly based on electrochemical systems. The screen had a small motor with a spinning disc and a neon lamp which gave a reddish orange picture comparable in size to a business card (Udelson). The system continued to evolve with the inception of a line system to improve the results of the TV. In 1937 the 405 line monochrome system, known then as the ‘HD’, was selected as the UK standard of television. By 1950, most European countries had the 625 scanning lines, 25 frame per second, TV system as standard. Meanwhile, plenty of experimentation was taking place in the USA, however, the Federal communications commission was not satisfied with the quality of the systems and work on development of t he system continued. In 1942, the FCC endorsed the efforts of the National television systems committee and established a standard of 525 scanning lines with 60 frames per second. (Pritchard and Gibson) 2) The advent of Color TV: - During the 1940s, various color television systems were proposed and demonstrated in the United States. The first color television was developed in the early 1950s by the national television systems committee and submitted to the federal communication commission in 1953. Color TV was not successful in the United States until a decade of its introduction. Few color TVs were sold because they were expensive and there were not many programs televised in color. Time magazine even called color TV as ‘the most resounding industrial flop of 1956’. Slowly but surely, however, color TV started to thrive when color programs started to show up in abundance.

Regulating Prostitution Essay -- Prostitutes Ethics Morals Sex Essays

Regulating Prostitution Historically, although prostitution has been viewed as a threat to the moral order and a danger to public health, the state has tended to legislate for the regulation of prostitution, rather than introducing measures focussed on its elimination. Even early Christian societies did not seek to eliminate prostitution, with the Church fathers justifying this stance by asserting that "Sewers are necessary to guarantee the wholesomeness of palaces." (quoted by de Beauvoir, 1974, 618). St Augustine was adamant that prostitution should be recognised as a necessary social evil, arguing, Suppress prostitution and capricious lusts will overthrow society. (cited in Roberts, 1992, 61). His stance was predicated on a belief in men’s sexual appetites necessitating access to sexual outlets outside of marriage. In order to prevent them committing adultery and threatening their marriages, society should facilitate men’s access to prostitutes. It follows from St Augustine’s argument that two separate classes of women were required - good, virtuous, sexually faithful wives to service men’s procreative needs within marriage, and prostitutes who would cater to their desires and pleasures outside of marriage. Such thinking views prostitution as a necessary social evil, and reinforces the madonna/whore dichotomy. Given the fact that men’s demand for prostitution services has not abated through the ages, the historic response has been to continue to seek its regulation and control rather than its eradication. For instance, in medieval England and Europe the preferred way of regulating prostitution was to restrict prostitutes to working in certain districts and/or requiring that they dress in particular, identifiable, styles. Thus in Paris, prostitutes were confined to working in brothels in particular areas of the town and were required to wear armbands, dye their hair, "or in other ways distinguish themselves from respectable society matrons" (Bullough and Bullough, 1987, 125). Women who violated such codes of behaviour could find themselves expelled from that district, literally being run out of town. Confining the sex industry to specifically designated areas was also seen as economically advantageous in that it enabled municipal councils to share in the profits (Roberts, 1992, 90). By the 17th century the practice of visiting prostitutes was so wid... ...ciety and an Analysis of the Causes and Effects of the Suppression of Prostitution. London, Souvenir Press. Beyer, G. (1999). Change for the Better. Auckland, Random House. Bishop, C. (1931). Women and Crime. London, Chatto and Windus. Boyle, F. M., M. P. Dunne, et al. (1997). "Psychological distress among female sex workers." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 21(6): 643-646. Brock, D. R. (1998). Making Trouble, Making Work: Prostitution as a Social Problem. Toronto, University of Toronto Press. Brockett, L. and A. Murray (1994). Thai sex workers in Sydney. Sex Work and Sex Workers in Australia. R. Perkins, G. Prestage, R. Sharp and F. Lovejoy (editors). Sydney, University of New South Wales Press. Brookes, B. (1993). "A weakness for strong subjects: the women's movement and sexuality." New Zealand Journal of History 27(2): 140-156. Brothels Task Force (2001). Report of the Brothels Task Force. Sydney, New South Wales Government. Brown, A. and D. Barrett (2002). Knowledge of Evil: Child Prostitution and Child Sexual Abuse in Twentieth-Century England. Cullompton, Devon, Willan Publishing. Brown, K. (1994). "Lesbian sex workers." Broadsheet (202): 32-35.

Morality and Obligation Essay

1. Two preliminary steps taken, that may be necessary, before one can intuitively appreciate the rightness of an action are thinking fully about the consequences of an action. In other words, think before you act. Also give thought (consideration) to the persons involved in said action or your relation(ship) with the persons involved. 2. An action is considered morally good in addition to being right when it is the right thing to do, while also stemming from a good place. When the person or â€Å"agent† performs said act because it is right, from a feeling of obligation, a morally good act is also right. 3. According to Prichard, an action done from a sense of obligation, there is no purpose â€Å"consisting either in the action itself or in anything which it will produce†. A motive, being something that moves one to act, can be the sense of obligation, an action done from a sense of obligation can indeed have a motive. 4. Avirtuous act is done from a desire that is intrinsically good. A moral act may be done from obligation. There can’t be an obligation to act virtuously, because we can only â€Å"feel an obligation to act† or do something. We cannot, however, feel an obligation to act from a certain desire 5. It is a mistake to expect moral philosophy to prove through argumentation that we ought to fulfill our obligations, because moral rightness â€Å"cannot be demonstrated, only apprehended directly by an act of moral thinking†. The sense of obligation is a result of a moral thought or thoughts. Moral philosophy can provide reflection on the â€Å"immediacy of our knowledge of moral rightness† and the intuitive recognition of the goodness of the virtues.

The Debate Over the Clearcutting Method

Clear-cutting is a method of harvesting and regenerating trees in which all trees are cleared from a site and a new, even-age stand of timber is grown. Clear-cutting is only one of several methods of timber management and harvest in both private and public forests. However, this method has always been controversial, even more so since the environmental awareness that began in the mid-1960s. Many conservation and citizen groups object to clear-cutting any forest, citing soil and water degradation, unsightly landscapes, and other damages. The wood products industry and mainstream forestry professionals defend clear-cutting as an efficient, successful silvicultural, or forestry, system but only under certain conditions where non-timber assets are not degraded. The choice of clear-cutting by forest owners is greatly dependent upon their objectives. If that objective is maximum timber production, clear-cutting can be financially efficient with lower costs for timber harvesting than other tree harvesting systems. Clear-cutting has also proved successful for regenerating stands of certain tree species without damaging the ecosystem. Current Status The Society of American Foresters, which represents mainstream forestry, promotes clear-cutting as a method of regenerating an even-aged stand in which a new age class develops in a fully exposed microclimate after removal, in a single cutting, of all trees in the previous stand. Theres a debate about the minimum area constituting a clear-cut, but typically, areas smaller than 5 acres would be considered patch cuts. Larger cleared forests more easily fall into the classic, forestry-defined clear-cut. Removing trees and forests to convert land to nonforest urban development or rural agriculture isnt considered clear-cutting. This is called land conversion, converting the use of land from forest to another type of enterprise. The Issues Clear-cutting is not a universally accepted practice. Opponents of the practice of cutting every tree within a specific area contend it degrades the environment. Forestry professionals and resource managers argue that the practice is sound if used properly. In a report written for a major private forest owner publication, three extension specialists—a forestry professor, an assistant dean of a major college of forestry, and a state forest health specialist—agree that clear-cutting is a necessary silvicultural practice. According to the article, a complete clear-cut usually creates the best conditions for regenerating stands under certain circumstances and should be used when those conditions occur. This is opposed to a commercial clear-cut where all trees of marketable species, size, and quality are cut. This process doesnt take into account any concerns addressed by forest ecosystem management. Aesthetics, water quality, and forest diversity  are the main sources of public objection to clear-cutting. Unfortunately,  an often disinterested public and casual viewers of forestry activities have overwhelmingly decided that clear-cutting is not an acceptable social practice simply by looking at the practice from their car windows. Negative terms such as deforestation, plantation forestry, environmental degradation, and excess and exploitation are closely associated with clear-cutting. Clear-cutting in national forests now can only be done if its used to further the improvement of ecological objectives to include wildlife habitat improvement or to preserve forest health, but not for economic gain. Pros Proponents of clear-cutting suggest that its a sound practice if the right conditions are met and correct harvest methods are used. Conditions for which clear-cutting can be used as a harvesting tool include: Regenerating tree species that need full sunlight to stimulate seed sprouting and seedling growth.Dealing with sparse, exposed, or shallow-rooted trees in danger of being damaged by  wind.Trying to produce an even-aged stand.Regenerating stands of tree species dependent on wind-blown seed, root suckers, or cones that need fire to drop seed.Salvaging over-mature stands and/or stands killed by insects, disease, or fire.Converting to another tree species by planting or seeding.Providing habitat for wildlife species that require an edge, new ground, and high-density, even-aged stands. Cons Opponents of clear-cutting suggest that its a destructive practice and should never be done. Here are their reasons, although not  every one of these can be supported by current scientific data: A clear-cut increases soil erosion, water degradation, and increased  silting  in creeks, rivers, and reservoirs.Old-growth forests, which have been systematically clear-cut, are healthy ecosystems that have evolved over centuries to be more resistant to insects and disease.Clear-cutting inhibits the sustainability of healthy, holistic forest ecosystems.Aesthetics and quality forest views are compromised by clear-cutting.Deforestation and the resulting removal of  trees  from clear-cutting  lead  to a plantation forestry mentality and results in environmental degradation.